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Diffstat (limited to 'user')
-rw-r--r--user/cat.c43
-rw-r--r--user/echo.c13
-rw-r--r--user/forktest.c56
-rw-r--r--user/grep.c107
-rw-r--r--user/init.c37
-rw-r--r--user/initcode.S28
-rw-r--r--user/kill.c17
-rw-r--r--user/ln.c15
-rw-r--r--user/ls.c85
-rw-r--r--user/mkdir.c23
-rw-r--r--user/printf.c95
-rw-r--r--user/rm.c23
-rw-r--r--user/sh.c493
-rw-r--r--user/stressfs.c49
-rw-r--r--user/ulib.c109
-rw-r--r--user/umalloc.c90
-rw-r--r--user/user.h39
-rw-r--r--user/usertests.c1789
-rwxr-xr-xuser/usys.pl38
-rw-r--r--user/wc.c54
-rw-r--r--user/zombie.c14
21 files changed, 3217 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/user/cat.c b/user/cat.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d3d16c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/user/cat.c
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+#include "kernel/types.h"
+#include "kernel/stat.h"
+#include "user/user.h"
+
+char buf[512];
+
+void
+cat(int fd)
+{
+ int n;
+
+ while((n = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf))) > 0) {
+ if (write(1, buf, n) != n) {
+ printf(1, "cat: write error\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ }
+ if(n < 0){
+ printf(1, "cat: read error\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+}
+
+int
+main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+ int fd, i;
+
+ if(argc <= 1){
+ cat(0);
+ exit();
+ }
+
+ for(i = 1; i < argc; i++){
+ if((fd = open(argv[i], 0)) < 0){
+ printf(1, "cat: cannot open %s\n", argv[i]);
+ exit();
+ }
+ cat(fd);
+ close(fd);
+ }
+ exit();
+}
diff --git a/user/echo.c b/user/echo.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ef744ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/user/echo.c
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+#include "kernel/types.h"
+#include "kernel/stat.h"
+#include "user/user.h"
+
+int
+main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+ int i;
+
+ for(i = 1; i < argc; i++)
+ printf(1, "%s%s", argv[i], i+1 < argc ? " " : "\n");
+ exit();
+}
diff --git a/user/forktest.c b/user/forktest.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..be4915e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/user/forktest.c
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+// Test that fork fails gracefully.
+// Tiny executable so that the limit can be filling the proc table.
+
+#include "kernel/types.h"
+#include "kernel/stat.h"
+#include "user/user.h"
+
+#define N 1000
+
+void
+printf(int fd, const char *s, ...)
+{
+ write(fd, s, strlen(s));
+}
+
+void
+forktest(void)
+{
+ int n, pid;
+
+ printf(1, "fork test\n");
+
+ for(n=0; n<N; n++){
+ pid = fork();
+ if(pid < 0)
+ break;
+ if(pid == 0)
+ exit();
+ }
+
+ if(n == N){
+ printf(1, "fork claimed to work N times!\n", N);
+ exit();
+ }
+
+ for(; n > 0; n--){
+ if(wait() < 0){
+ printf(1, "wait stopped early\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ }
+
+ if(wait() != -1){
+ printf(1, "wait got too many\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+
+ printf(1, "fork test OK\n");
+}
+
+int
+main(void)
+{
+ forktest();
+ exit();
+}
diff --git a/user/grep.c b/user/grep.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b5fdfc2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/user/grep.c
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+// Simple grep. Only supports ^ . * $ operators.
+
+#include "kernel/types.h"
+#include "kernel/stat.h"
+#include "user/user.h"
+
+char buf[1024];
+int match(char*, char*);
+
+void
+grep(char *pattern, int fd)
+{
+ int n, m;
+ char *p, *q;
+
+ m = 0;
+ while((n = read(fd, buf+m, sizeof(buf)-m-1)) > 0){
+ m += n;
+ buf[m] = '\0';
+ p = buf;
+ while((q = strchr(p, '\n')) != 0){
+ *q = 0;
+ if(match(pattern, p)){
+ *q = '\n';
+ write(1, p, q+1 - p);
+ }
+ p = q+1;
+ }
+ if(p == buf)
+ m = 0;
+ if(m > 0){
+ m -= p - buf;
+ memmove(buf, p, m);
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+int
+main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+ int fd, i;
+ char *pattern;
+
+ if(argc <= 1){
+ printf(2, "usage: grep pattern [file ...]\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ pattern = argv[1];
+
+ if(argc <= 2){
+ grep(pattern, 0);
+ exit();
+ }
+
+ for(i = 2; i < argc; i++){
+ if((fd = open(argv[i], 0)) < 0){
+ printf(1, "grep: cannot open %s\n", argv[i]);
+ exit();
+ }
+ grep(pattern, fd);
+ close(fd);
+ }
+ exit();
+}
+
+// Regexp matcher from Kernighan & Pike,
+// The Practice of Programming, Chapter 9.
+
+int matchhere(char*, char*);
+int matchstar(int, char*, char*);
+
+int
+match(char *re, char *text)
+{
+ if(re[0] == '^')
+ return matchhere(re+1, text);
+ do{ // must look at empty string
+ if(matchhere(re, text))
+ return 1;
+ }while(*text++ != '\0');
+ return 0;
+}
+
+// matchhere: search for re at beginning of text
+int matchhere(char *re, char *text)
+{
+ if(re[0] == '\0')
+ return 1;
+ if(re[1] == '*')
+ return matchstar(re[0], re+2, text);
+ if(re[0] == '$' && re[1] == '\0')
+ return *text == '\0';
+ if(*text!='\0' && (re[0]=='.' || re[0]==*text))
+ return matchhere(re+1, text+1);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+// matchstar: search for c*re at beginning of text
+int matchstar(int c, char *re, char *text)
+{
+ do{ // a * matches zero or more instances
+ if(matchhere(re, text))
+ return 1;
+ }while(*text!='\0' && (*text++==c || c=='.'));
+ return 0;
+}
+
diff --git a/user/init.c b/user/init.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f36ba31
--- /dev/null
+++ b/user/init.c
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+// init: The initial user-level program
+
+#include "kernel/types.h"
+#include "kernel/stat.h"
+#include "user/user.h"
+#include "kernel/fcntl.h"
+
+char *argv[] = { "sh", 0 };
+
+int
+main(void)
+{
+ int pid, wpid;
+
+ if(open("console", O_RDWR) < 0){
+ mknod("console", 1, 1);
+ open("console", O_RDWR);
+ }
+ dup(0); // stdout
+ dup(0); // stderr
+
+ for(;;){
+ printf(1, "init: starting sh\n");
+ pid = fork();
+ if(pid < 0){
+ printf(1, "init: fork failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(pid == 0){
+ exec("sh", argv);
+ printf(1, "init: exec sh failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ while((wpid=wait()) >= 0 && wpid != pid)
+ printf(1, "zombie!\n");
+ }
+}
diff --git a/user/initcode.S b/user/initcode.S
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ca76972
--- /dev/null
+++ b/user/initcode.S
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+# Initial process execs /init.
+# This code runs in user space.
+
+#include "syscall.h"
+
+# exec(init, argv)
+.globl start
+start:
+ la a0, init
+ la a1, argv
+ li a7, SYS_exec
+ ecall
+
+# for(;;) exit();
+exit:
+ li a7, SYS_exit
+ ecall
+ jal exit
+
+# char init[] = "/init\0";
+init:
+ .string "/init\0"
+
+# char *argv[] = { init, 0 };
+.p2align 2
+argv:
+ .long init
+ .long 0
diff --git a/user/kill.c b/user/kill.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4b19d3c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/user/kill.c
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#include "kernel/types.h"
+#include "kernel/stat.h"
+#include "user/user.h"
+
+int
+main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+ int i;
+
+ if(argc < 2){
+ printf(2, "usage: kill pid...\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ for(i=1; i<argc; i++)
+ kill(atoi(argv[i]));
+ exit();
+}
diff --git a/user/ln.c b/user/ln.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..482dd79
--- /dev/null
+++ b/user/ln.c
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#include "kernel/types.h"
+#include "kernel/stat.h"
+#include "user/user.h"
+
+int
+main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+ if(argc != 3){
+ printf(2, "Usage: ln old new\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(link(argv[1], argv[2]) < 0)
+ printf(2, "link %s %s: failed\n", argv[1], argv[2]);
+ exit();
+}
diff --git a/user/ls.c b/user/ls.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c649c57
--- /dev/null
+++ b/user/ls.c
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+#include "kernel/types.h"
+#include "kernel/stat.h"
+#include "user/user.h"
+#include "kernel/fs.h"
+
+char*
+fmtname(char *path)
+{
+ static char buf[DIRSIZ+1];
+ char *p;
+
+ // Find first character after last slash.
+ for(p=path+strlen(path); p >= path && *p != '/'; p--)
+ ;
+ p++;
+
+ // Return blank-padded name.
+ if(strlen(p) >= DIRSIZ)
+ return p;
+ memmove(buf, p, strlen(p));
+ memset(buf+strlen(p), ' ', DIRSIZ-strlen(p));
+ return buf;
+}
+
+void
+ls(char *path)
+{
+ char buf[512], *p;
+ int fd;
+ struct dirent de;
+ struct stat st;
+
+ if((fd = open(path, 0)) < 0){
+ printf(2, "ls: cannot open %s\n", path);
+ return;
+ }
+
+ if(fstat(fd, &st) < 0){
+ printf(2, "ls: cannot stat %s\n", path);
+ close(fd);
+ return;
+ }
+
+ switch(st.type){
+ case T_FILE:
+ printf(1, "%s %d %d %d\n", fmtname(path), st.type, st.ino, st.size);
+ break;
+
+ case T_DIR:
+ if(strlen(path) + 1 + DIRSIZ + 1 > sizeof buf){
+ printf(1, "ls: path too long\n");
+ break;
+ }
+ strcpy(buf, path);
+ p = buf+strlen(buf);
+ *p++ = '/';
+ while(read(fd, &de, sizeof(de)) == sizeof(de)){
+ if(de.inum == 0)
+ continue;
+ memmove(p, de.name, DIRSIZ);
+ p[DIRSIZ] = 0;
+ if(stat(buf, &st) < 0){
+ printf(1, "ls: cannot stat %s\n", buf);
+ continue;
+ }
+ printf(1, "%s %d %d %d\n", fmtname(buf), st.type, st.ino, st.size);
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+ close(fd);
+}
+
+int
+main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+ int i;
+
+ if(argc < 2){
+ ls(".");
+ exit();
+ }
+ for(i=1; i<argc; i++)
+ ls(argv[i]);
+ exit();
+}
diff --git a/user/mkdir.c b/user/mkdir.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5f1e155
--- /dev/null
+++ b/user/mkdir.c
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+#include "kernel/types.h"
+#include "kernel/stat.h"
+#include "user/user.h"
+
+int
+main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+ int i;
+
+ if(argc < 2){
+ printf(2, "Usage: mkdir files...\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+
+ for(i = 1; i < argc; i++){
+ if(mkdir(argv[i]) < 0){
+ printf(2, "mkdir: %s failed to create\n", argv[i]);
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ exit();
+}
diff --git a/user/printf.c b/user/printf.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0c6b34b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/user/printf.c
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+#include "kernel/types.h"
+#include "kernel/stat.h"
+#include "user/user.h"
+
+#include <stdarg.h>
+
+static char digits[] = "0123456789ABCDEF";
+
+static void
+putc(int fd, char c)
+{
+ write(fd, &c, 1);
+}
+
+static void
+printint(int fd, int xx, int base, int sgn)
+{
+ char buf[16];
+ int i, neg;
+ uint x;
+
+ neg = 0;
+ if(sgn && xx < 0){
+ neg = 1;
+ x = -xx;
+ } else {
+ x = xx;
+ }
+
+ i = 0;
+ do{
+ buf[i++] = digits[x % base];
+ }while((x /= base) != 0);
+ if(neg)
+ buf[i++] = '-';
+
+ while(--i >= 0)
+ putc(fd, buf[i]);
+}
+
+static void
+printptr(int fd, uint64 x) {
+ int i;
+ putc(fd, '0');
+ putc(fd, 'x');
+ for (i = 0; i < (sizeof(uint64) * 2); i++, x <<= 4)
+ putc(fd, digits[x >> (sizeof(uint64) * 8 - 4)]);
+}
+
+// Print to the given fd. Only understands %d, %x, %p, %s.
+void
+printf(int fd, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+ va_list ap;
+ char *s;
+ int c, i, state;
+
+ va_start(ap, fmt);
+ state = 0;
+ for(i = 0; fmt[i]; i++){
+ c = fmt[i] & 0xff;
+ if(state == 0){
+ if(c == '%'){
+ state = '%';
+ } else {
+ putc(fd, c);
+ }
+ } else if(state == '%'){
+ if(c == 'd'){
+ printint(fd, va_arg(ap, int), 10, 1);
+ } else if(c == 'x') {
+ printint(fd, va_arg(ap, int), 16, 0);
+ } else if(c == 'p') {
+ printptr(fd, va_arg(ap, uint64));
+ } else if(c == 's'){
+ s = va_arg(ap, char*);
+ if(s == 0)
+ s = "(null)";
+ while(*s != 0){
+ putc(fd, *s);
+ s++;
+ }
+ } else if(c == 'c'){
+ putc(fd, va_arg(ap, uint));
+ } else if(c == '%'){
+ putc(fd, c);
+ } else {
+ // Unknown % sequence. Print it to draw attention.
+ putc(fd, '%');
+ putc(fd, c);
+ }
+ state = 0;
+ }
+ }
+}
diff --git a/user/rm.c b/user/rm.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3076d83
--- /dev/null
+++ b/user/rm.c
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+#include "kernel/types.h"
+#include "kernel/stat.h"
+#include "user/user.h"
+
+int
+main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+ int i;
+
+ if(argc < 2){
+ printf(2, "Usage: rm files...\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+
+ for(i = 1; i < argc; i++){
+ if(unlink(argv[i]) < 0){
+ printf(2, "rm: %s failed to delete\n", argv[i]);
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ exit();
+}
diff --git a/user/sh.c b/user/sh.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..13c7883
--- /dev/null
+++ b/user/sh.c
@@ -0,0 +1,493 @@
+// Shell.
+
+#include "kernel/types.h"
+#include "user/user.h"
+#include "kernel/fcntl.h"
+
+// Parsed command representation
+#define EXEC 1
+#define REDIR 2
+#define PIPE 3
+#define LIST 4
+#define BACK 5
+
+#define MAXARGS 10
+
+struct cmd {
+ int type;
+};
+
+struct execcmd {
+ int type;
+ char *argv[MAXARGS];
+ char *eargv[MAXARGS];
+};
+
+struct redircmd {
+ int type;
+ struct cmd *cmd;
+ char *file;
+ char *efile;
+ int mode;
+ int fd;
+};
+
+struct pipecmd {
+ int type;
+ struct cmd *left;
+ struct cmd *right;
+};
+
+struct listcmd {
+ int type;
+ struct cmd *left;
+ struct cmd *right;
+};
+
+struct backcmd {
+ int type;
+ struct cmd *cmd;
+};
+
+int fork1(void); // Fork but panics on failure.
+void panic(char*);
+struct cmd *parsecmd(char*);
+
+// Execute cmd. Never returns.
+void
+runcmd(struct cmd *cmd)
+{
+ int p[2];
+ struct backcmd *bcmd;
+ struct execcmd *ecmd;
+ struct listcmd *lcmd;
+ struct pipecmd *pcmd;
+ struct redircmd *rcmd;
+
+ if(cmd == 0)
+ exit();
+
+ switch(cmd->type){
+ default:
+ panic("runcmd");
+
+ case EXEC:
+ ecmd = (struct execcmd*)cmd;
+ if(ecmd->argv[0] == 0)
+ exit();
+ exec(ecmd->argv[0], ecmd->argv);
+ printf(2, "exec %s failed\n", ecmd->argv[0]);
+ break;
+
+ case REDIR:
+ rcmd = (struct redircmd*)cmd;
+ close(rcmd->fd);
+ if(open(rcmd->file, rcmd->mode) < 0){
+ printf(2, "open %s failed\n", rcmd->file);
+ exit();
+ }
+ runcmd(rcmd->cmd);
+ break;
+
+ case LIST:
+ lcmd = (struct listcmd*)cmd;
+ if(fork1() == 0)
+ runcmd(lcmd->left);
+ wait();
+ runcmd(lcmd->right);
+ break;
+
+ case PIPE:
+ pcmd = (struct pipecmd*)cmd;
+ if(pipe(p) < 0)
+ panic("pipe");
+ if(fork1() == 0){
+ close(1);
+ dup(p[1]);
+ close(p[0]);
+ close(p[1]);
+ runcmd(pcmd->left);
+ }
+ if(fork1() == 0){
+ close(0);
+ dup(p[0]);
+ close(p[0]);
+ close(p[1]);
+ runcmd(pcmd->right);
+ }
+ close(p[0]);
+ close(p[1]);
+ wait();
+ wait();
+ break;
+
+ case BACK:
+ bcmd = (struct backcmd*)cmd;
+ if(fork1() == 0)
+ runcmd(bcmd->cmd);
+ break;
+ }
+ exit();
+}
+
+int
+getcmd(char *buf, int nbuf)
+{
+ printf(2, "$ ");
+ memset(buf, 0, nbuf);
+ gets(buf, nbuf);
+ if(buf[0] == 0) // EOF
+ return -1;
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int
+main(void)
+{
+ static char buf[100];
+ int fd;
+
+ // Ensure that three file descriptors are open.
+ while((fd = open("console", O_RDWR)) >= 0){
+ if(fd >= 3){
+ close(fd);
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ // Read and run input commands.
+ while(getcmd(buf, sizeof(buf)) >= 0){
+ if(buf[0] == 'c' && buf[1] == 'd' && buf[2] == ' '){
+ // Chdir must be called by the parent, not the child.
+ buf[strlen(buf)-1] = 0; // chop \n
+ if(chdir(buf+3) < 0)
+ printf(2, "cannot cd %s\n", buf+3);
+ continue;
+ }
+ if(fork1() == 0)
+ runcmd(parsecmd(buf));
+ wait();
+ }
+ exit();
+}
+
+void
+panic(char *s)
+{
+ printf(2, "%s\n", s);
+ exit();
+}
+
+int
+fork1(void)
+{
+ int pid;
+
+ pid = fork();
+ if(pid == -1)
+ panic("fork");
+ return pid;
+}
+
+//PAGEBREAK!
+// Constructors
+
+struct cmd*
+execcmd(void)
+{
+ struct execcmd *cmd;
+
+ cmd = malloc(sizeof(*cmd));
+ memset(cmd, 0, sizeof(*cmd));
+ cmd->type = EXEC;
+ return (struct cmd*)cmd;
+}
+
+struct cmd*
+redircmd(struct cmd *subcmd, char *file, char *efile, int mode, int fd)
+{
+ struct redircmd *cmd;
+
+ cmd = malloc(sizeof(*cmd));
+ memset(cmd, 0, sizeof(*cmd));
+ cmd->type = REDIR;
+ cmd->cmd = subcmd;
+ cmd->file = file;
+ cmd->efile = efile;
+ cmd->mode = mode;
+ cmd->fd = fd;
+ return (struct cmd*)cmd;
+}
+
+struct cmd*
+pipecmd(struct cmd *left, struct cmd *right)
+{
+ struct pipecmd *cmd;
+
+ cmd = malloc(sizeof(*cmd));
+ memset(cmd, 0, sizeof(*cmd));
+ cmd->type = PIPE;
+ cmd->left = left;
+ cmd->right = right;
+ return (struct cmd*)cmd;
+}
+
+struct cmd*
+listcmd(struct cmd *left, struct cmd *right)
+{
+ struct listcmd *cmd;
+
+ cmd = malloc(sizeof(*cmd));
+ memset(cmd, 0, sizeof(*cmd));
+ cmd->type = LIST;
+ cmd->left = left;
+ cmd->right = right;
+ return (struct cmd*)cmd;
+}
+
+struct cmd*
+backcmd(struct cmd *subcmd)
+{
+ struct backcmd *cmd;
+
+ cmd = malloc(sizeof(*cmd));
+ memset(cmd, 0, sizeof(*cmd));
+ cmd->type = BACK;
+ cmd->cmd = subcmd;
+ return (struct cmd*)cmd;
+}
+//PAGEBREAK!
+// Parsing
+
+char whitespace[] = " \t\r\n\v";
+char symbols[] = "<|>&;()";
+
+int
+gettoken(char **ps, char *es, char **q, char **eq)
+{
+ char *s;
+ int ret;
+
+ s = *ps;
+ while(s < es && strchr(whitespace, *s))
+ s++;
+ if(q)
+ *q = s;
+ ret = *s;
+ switch(*s){
+ case 0:
+ break;
+ case '|':
+ case '(':
+ case ')':
+ case ';':
+ case '&':
+ case '<':
+ s++;
+ break;
+ case '>':
+ s++;
+ if(*s == '>'){
+ ret = '+';
+ s++;
+ }
+ break;
+ default:
+ ret = 'a';
+ while(s < es && !strchr(whitespace, *s) && !strchr(symbols, *s))
+ s++;
+ break;
+ }
+ if(eq)
+ *eq = s;
+
+ while(s < es && strchr(whitespace, *s))
+ s++;
+ *ps = s;
+ return ret;
+}
+
+int
+peek(char **ps, char *es, char *toks)
+{
+ char *s;
+
+ s = *ps;
+ while(s < es && strchr(whitespace, *s))
+ s++;
+ *ps = s;
+ return *s && strchr(toks, *s);
+}
+
+struct cmd *parseline(char**, char*);
+struct cmd *parsepipe(char**, char*);
+struct cmd *parseexec(char**, char*);
+struct cmd *nulterminate(struct cmd*);
+
+struct cmd*
+parsecmd(char *s)
+{
+ char *es;
+ struct cmd *cmd;
+
+ es = s + strlen(s);
+ cmd = parseline(&s, es);
+ peek(&s, es, "");
+ if(s != es){
+ printf(2, "leftovers: %s\n", s);
+ panic("syntax");
+ }
+ nulterminate(cmd);
+ return cmd;
+}
+
+struct cmd*
+parseline(char **ps, char *es)
+{
+ struct cmd *cmd;
+
+ cmd = parsepipe(ps, es);
+ while(peek(ps, es, "&")){
+ gettoken(ps, es, 0, 0);
+ cmd = backcmd(cmd);
+ }
+ if(peek(ps, es, ";")){
+ gettoken(ps, es, 0, 0);
+ cmd = listcmd(cmd, parseline(ps, es));
+ }
+ return cmd;
+}
+
+struct cmd*
+parsepipe(char **ps, char *es)
+{
+ struct cmd *cmd;
+
+ cmd = parseexec(ps, es);
+ if(peek(ps, es, "|")){
+ gettoken(ps, es, 0, 0);
+ cmd = pipecmd(cmd, parsepipe(ps, es));
+ }
+ return cmd;
+}
+
+struct cmd*
+parseredirs(struct cmd *cmd, char **ps, char *es)
+{
+ int tok;
+ char *q, *eq;
+
+ while(peek(ps, es, "<>")){
+ tok = gettoken(ps, es, 0, 0);
+ if(gettoken(ps, es, &q, &eq) != 'a')
+ panic("missing file for redirection");
+ switch(tok){
+ case '<':
+ cmd = redircmd(cmd, q, eq, O_RDONLY, 0);
+ break;
+ case '>':
+ cmd = redircmd(cmd, q, eq, O_WRONLY|O_CREATE, 1);
+ break;
+ case '+': // >>
+ cmd = redircmd(cmd, q, eq, O_WRONLY|O_CREATE, 1);
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ return cmd;
+}
+
+struct cmd*
+parseblock(char **ps, char *es)
+{
+ struct cmd *cmd;
+
+ if(!peek(ps, es, "("))
+ panic("parseblock");
+ gettoken(ps, es, 0, 0);
+ cmd = parseline(ps, es);
+ if(!peek(ps, es, ")"))
+ panic("syntax - missing )");
+ gettoken(ps, es, 0, 0);
+ cmd = parseredirs(cmd, ps, es);
+ return cmd;
+}
+
+struct cmd*
+parseexec(char **ps, char *es)
+{
+ char *q, *eq;
+ int tok, argc;
+ struct execcmd *cmd;
+ struct cmd *ret;
+
+ if(peek(ps, es, "("))
+ return parseblock(ps, es);
+
+ ret = execcmd();
+ cmd = (struct execcmd*)ret;
+
+ argc = 0;
+ ret = parseredirs(ret, ps, es);
+ while(!peek(ps, es, "|)&;")){
+ if((tok=gettoken(ps, es, &q, &eq)) == 0)
+ break;
+ if(tok != 'a')
+ panic("syntax");
+ cmd->argv[argc] = q;
+ cmd->eargv[argc] = eq;
+ argc++;
+ if(argc >= MAXARGS)
+ panic("too many args");
+ ret = parseredirs(ret, ps, es);
+ }
+ cmd->argv[argc] = 0;
+ cmd->eargv[argc] = 0;
+ return ret;
+}
+
+// NUL-terminate all the counted strings.
+struct cmd*
+nulterminate(struct cmd *cmd)
+{
+ int i;
+ struct backcmd *bcmd;
+ struct execcmd *ecmd;
+ struct listcmd *lcmd;
+ struct pipecmd *pcmd;
+ struct redircmd *rcmd;
+
+ if(cmd == 0)
+ return 0;
+
+ switch(cmd->type){
+ case EXEC:
+ ecmd = (struct execcmd*)cmd;
+ for(i=0; ecmd->argv[i]; i++)
+ *ecmd->eargv[i] = 0;
+ break;
+
+ case REDIR:
+ rcmd = (struct redircmd*)cmd;
+ nulterminate(rcmd->cmd);
+ *rcmd->efile = 0;
+ break;
+
+ case PIPE:
+ pcmd = (struct pipecmd*)cmd;
+ nulterminate(pcmd->left);
+ nulterminate(pcmd->right);
+ break;
+
+ case LIST:
+ lcmd = (struct listcmd*)cmd;
+ nulterminate(lcmd->left);
+ nulterminate(lcmd->right);
+ break;
+
+ case BACK:
+ bcmd = (struct backcmd*)cmd;
+ nulterminate(bcmd->cmd);
+ break;
+ }
+ return cmd;
+}
diff --git a/user/stressfs.c b/user/stressfs.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ef8f1cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/user/stressfs.c
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+// Demonstrate that moving the "acquire" in iderw after the loop that
+// appends to the idequeue results in a race.
+
+// For this to work, you should also add a spin within iderw's
+// idequeue traversal loop. Adding the following demonstrated a panic
+// after about 5 runs of stressfs in QEMU on a 2.1GHz CPU:
+// for (i = 0; i < 40000; i++)
+// asm volatile("");
+
+#include "kernel/types.h"
+#include "kernel/stat.h"
+#include "user/user.h"
+#include "kernel/fs.h"
+#include "kernel/fcntl.h"
+
+int
+main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+ int fd, i;
+ char path[] = "stressfs0";
+ char data[512];
+
+ printf(1, "stressfs starting\n");
+ memset(data, 'a', sizeof(data));
+
+ for(i = 0; i < 4; i++)
+ if(fork() > 0)
+ break;
+
+ printf(1, "write %d\n", i);
+
+ path[8] += i;
+ fd = open(path, O_CREATE | O_RDWR);
+ for(i = 0; i < 20; i++)
+// printf(fd, "%d\n", i);
+ write(fd, data, sizeof(data));
+ close(fd);
+
+ printf(1, "read\n");
+
+ fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
+ for (i = 0; i < 20; i++)
+ read(fd, data, sizeof(data));
+ close(fd);
+
+ wait();
+
+ exit();
+}
diff --git a/user/ulib.c b/user/ulib.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ddda0f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/user/ulib.c
@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+#include "kernel/types.h"
+#include "kernel/stat.h"
+#include "kernel/fcntl.h"
+#include "user/user.h"
+
+char*
+strcpy(char *s, const char *t)
+{
+ char *os;
+
+ os = s;
+ while((*s++ = *t++) != 0)
+ ;
+ return os;
+}
+
+int
+strcmp(const char *p, const char *q)
+{
+ while(*p && *p == *q)
+ p++, q++;
+ return (uchar)*p - (uchar)*q;
+}
+
+uint
+strlen(const char *s)
+{
+ int n;
+
+ for(n = 0; s[n]; n++)
+ ;
+ return n;
+}
+
+void*
+memset(void *dst, int c, uint n)
+{
+ char *cdst = (char *) dst;
+ int i;
+ for(i = 0; i < n; i++){
+ cdst[i] = c;
+ }
+ return dst;
+}
+
+char*
+strchr(const char *s, char c)
+{
+ for(; *s; s++)
+ if(*s == c)
+ return (char*)s;
+ return 0;
+}
+
+char*
+gets(char *buf, int max)
+{
+ int i, cc;
+ char c;
+
+ for(i=0; i+1 < max; ){
+ cc = read(0, &c, 1);
+ if(cc < 1)
+ break;
+ buf[i++] = c;
+ if(c == '\n' || c == '\r')
+ break;
+ }
+ buf[i] = '\0';
+ return buf;
+}
+
+int
+stat(const char *n, struct stat *st)
+{
+ int fd;
+ int r;
+
+ fd = open(n, O_RDONLY);
+ if(fd < 0)
+ return -1;
+ r = fstat(fd, st);
+ close(fd);
+ return r;
+}
+
+int
+atoi(const char *s)
+{
+ int n;
+
+ n = 0;
+ while('0' <= *s && *s <= '9')
+ n = n*10 + *s++ - '0';
+ return n;
+}
+
+void*
+memmove(void *vdst, const void *vsrc, int n)
+{
+ char *dst;
+ const char *src;
+
+ dst = vdst;
+ src = vsrc;
+ while(n-- > 0)
+ *dst++ = *src++;
+ return vdst;
+}
diff --git a/user/umalloc.c b/user/umalloc.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2092a32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/user/umalloc.c
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+#include "kernel/types.h"
+#include "kernel/stat.h"
+#include "user/user.h"
+#include "kernel/param.h"
+
+// Memory allocator by Kernighan and Ritchie,
+// The C programming Language, 2nd ed. Section 8.7.
+
+typedef long Align;
+
+union header {
+ struct {
+ union header *ptr;
+ uint size;
+ } s;
+ Align x;
+};
+
+typedef union header Header;
+
+static Header base;
+static Header *freep;
+
+void
+free(void *ap)
+{
+ Header *bp, *p;
+
+ bp = (Header*)ap - 1;
+ for(p = freep; !(bp > p && bp < p->s.ptr); p = p->s.ptr)
+ if(p >= p->s.ptr && (bp > p || bp < p->s.ptr))
+ break;
+ if(bp + bp->s.size == p->s.ptr){
+ bp->s.size += p->s.ptr->s.size;
+ bp->s.ptr = p->s.ptr->s.ptr;
+ } else
+ bp->s.ptr = p->s.ptr;
+ if(p + p->s.size == bp){
+ p->s.size += bp->s.size;
+ p->s.ptr = bp->s.ptr;
+ } else
+ p->s.ptr = bp;
+ freep = p;
+}
+
+static Header*
+morecore(uint nu)
+{
+ char *p;
+ Header *hp;
+
+ if(nu < 4096)
+ nu = 4096;
+ p = sbrk(nu * sizeof(Header));
+ if(p == (char*)-1)
+ return 0;
+ hp = (Header*)p;
+ hp->s.size = nu;
+ free((void*)(hp + 1));
+ return freep;
+}
+
+void*
+malloc(uint nbytes)
+{
+ Header *p, *prevp;
+ uint nunits;
+
+ nunits = (nbytes + sizeof(Header) - 1)/sizeof(Header) + 1;
+ if((prevp = freep) == 0){
+ base.s.ptr = freep = prevp = &base;
+ base.s.size = 0;
+ }
+ for(p = prevp->s.ptr; ; prevp = p, p = p->s.ptr){
+ if(p->s.size >= nunits){
+ if(p->s.size == nunits)
+ prevp->s.ptr = p->s.ptr;
+ else {
+ p->s.size -= nunits;
+ p += p->s.size;
+ p->s.size = nunits;
+ }
+ freep = prevp;
+ return (void*)(p + 1);
+ }
+ if(p == freep)
+ if((p = morecore(nunits)) == 0)
+ return 0;
+ }
+}
diff --git a/user/user.h b/user/user.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4f99c52
--- /dev/null
+++ b/user/user.h
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+struct stat;
+struct rtcdate;
+
+// system calls
+int fork(void);
+int exit(void) __attribute__((noreturn));
+int wait(void);
+int pipe(int*);
+int write(int, const void*, int);
+int read(int, void*, int);
+int close(int);
+int kill(int);
+int exec(char*, char**);
+int open(const char*, int);
+int mknod(const char*, short, short);
+int unlink(const char*);
+int fstat(int fd, struct stat*);
+int link(const char*, const char*);
+int mkdir(const char*);
+int chdir(const char*);
+int dup(int);
+int getpid(void);
+char* sbrk(int);
+int sleep(int);
+int uptime(void);
+
+// ulib.c
+int stat(const char*, struct stat*);
+char* strcpy(char*, const char*);
+void *memmove(void*, const void*, int);
+char* strchr(const char*, char c);
+int strcmp(const char*, const char*);
+void printf(int, const char*, ...);
+char* gets(char*, int max);
+uint strlen(const char*);
+void* memset(void*, int, uint);
+void* malloc(uint);
+void free(void*);
+int atoi(const char*);
diff --git a/user/usertests.c b/user/usertests.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..beca8f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/user/usertests.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1789 @@
+#include "kernel/param.h"
+#include "kernel/types.h"
+#include "kernel/stat.h"
+#include "user/user.h"
+#include "kernel/fs.h"
+#include "kernel/fcntl.h"
+#include "kernel/syscall.h"
+#include "kernel/memlayout.h"
+
+char buf[8192];
+char name[3];
+char *echoargv[] = { "echo", "ALL", "TESTS", "PASSED", 0 };
+int stdout = 1;
+
+// does chdir() call iput(p->cwd) in a transaction?
+void
+iputtest(void)
+{
+ printf(stdout, "iput test\n");
+
+ if(mkdir("iputdir") < 0){
+ printf(stdout, "mkdir failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(chdir("iputdir") < 0){
+ printf(stdout, "chdir iputdir failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(unlink("../iputdir") < 0){
+ printf(stdout, "unlink ../iputdir failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(chdir("/") < 0){
+ printf(stdout, "chdir / failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ printf(stdout, "iput test ok\n");
+}
+
+// does exit() call iput(p->cwd) in a transaction?
+void
+exitiputtest(void)
+{
+ int pid;
+
+ printf(stdout, "exitiput test\n");
+
+ pid = fork();
+ if(pid < 0){
+ printf(stdout, "fork failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(pid == 0){
+ if(mkdir("iputdir") < 0){
+ printf(stdout, "mkdir failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(chdir("iputdir") < 0){
+ printf(stdout, "child chdir failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(unlink("../iputdir") < 0){
+ printf(stdout, "unlink ../iputdir failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ exit();
+ }
+ wait();
+ printf(stdout, "exitiput test ok\n");
+}
+
+// does the error path in open() for attempt to write a
+// directory call iput() in a transaction?
+// needs a hacked kernel that pauses just after the namei()
+// call in sys_open():
+// if((ip = namei(path)) == 0)
+// return -1;
+// {
+// int i;
+// for(i = 0; i < 10000; i++)
+// yield();
+// }
+void
+openiputtest(void)
+{
+ int pid;
+
+ printf(stdout, "openiput test\n");
+ if(mkdir("oidir") < 0){
+ printf(stdout, "mkdir oidir failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ pid = fork();
+ if(pid < 0){
+ printf(stdout, "fork failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(pid == 0){
+ int fd = open("oidir", O_RDWR);
+ if(fd >= 0){
+ printf(stdout, "open directory for write succeeded\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ exit();
+ }
+ sleep(1);
+ if(unlink("oidir") != 0){
+ printf(stdout, "unlink failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ wait();
+ printf(stdout, "openiput test ok\n");
+}
+
+// simple file system tests
+
+void
+opentest(void)
+{
+ int fd;
+
+ printf(stdout, "open test\n");
+ fd = open("echo", 0);
+ if(fd < 0){
+ printf(stdout, "open echo failed!\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ close(fd);
+ fd = open("doesnotexist", 0);
+ if(fd >= 0){
+ printf(stdout, "open doesnotexist succeeded!\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ printf(stdout, "open test ok\n");
+}
+
+void
+writetest(void)
+{
+ int fd;
+ int i;
+
+ printf(stdout, "small file test\n");
+ fd = open("small", O_CREATE|O_RDWR);
+ if(fd >= 0){
+ printf(stdout, "creat small succeeded; ok\n");
+ } else {
+ printf(stdout, "error: creat small failed!\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ for(i = 0; i < 100; i++){
+ if(write(fd, "aaaaaaaaaa", 10) != 10){
+ printf(stdout, "error: write aa %d new file failed\n", i);
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(write(fd, "bbbbbbbbbb", 10) != 10){
+ printf(stdout, "error: write bb %d new file failed\n", i);
+ exit();
+ }
+ }
+ printf(stdout, "writes ok\n");
+ close(fd);
+ fd = open("small", O_RDONLY);
+ if(fd >= 0){
+ printf(stdout, "open small succeeded ok\n");
+ } else {
+ printf(stdout, "error: open small failed!\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ i = read(fd, buf, 2000);
+ if(i == 2000){
+ printf(stdout, "read succeeded ok\n");
+ } else {
+ printf(stdout, "read failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ close(fd);
+
+ if(unlink("small") < 0){
+ printf(stdout, "unlink small failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ printf(stdout, "small file test ok\n");
+}
+
+void
+writetest1(void)
+{
+ int i, fd, n;
+
+ printf(stdout, "big files test\n");
+
+ fd = open("big", O_CREATE|O_RDWR);
+ if(fd < 0){
+ printf(stdout, "error: creat big failed!\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+
+ for(i = 0; i < MAXFILE; i++){
+ ((int*)buf)[0] = i;
+ if(write(fd, buf, 512) != 512){
+ printf(stdout, "error: write big file failed\n", i);
+ exit();
+ }
+ }
+
+ close(fd);
+
+ fd = open("big", O_RDONLY);
+ if(fd < 0){
+ printf(stdout, "error: open big failed!\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+
+ n = 0;
+ for(;;){
+ i = read(fd, buf, 512);
+ if(i == 0){
+ if(n == MAXFILE - 1){
+ printf(stdout, "read only %d blocks from big", n);
+ exit();
+ }
+ break;
+ } else if(i != 512){
+ printf(stdout, "read failed %d\n", i);
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(((int*)buf)[0] != n){
+ printf(stdout, "read content of block %d is %d\n",
+ n, ((int*)buf)[0]);
+ exit();
+ }
+ n++;
+ }
+ close(fd);
+ if(unlink("big") < 0){
+ printf(stdout, "unlink big failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ printf(stdout, "big files ok\n");
+}
+
+void
+createtest(void)
+{
+ int i, fd;
+
+ printf(stdout, "many creates, followed by unlink test\n");
+
+ name[0] = 'a';
+ name[2] = '\0';
+ for(i = 0; i < 52; i++){
+ name[1] = '0' + i;
+ fd = open(name, O_CREATE|O_RDWR);
+ close(fd);
+ }
+ name[0] = 'a';
+ name[2] = '\0';
+ for(i = 0; i < 52; i++){
+ name[1] = '0' + i;
+ unlink(name);
+ }
+ printf(stdout, "many creates, followed by unlink; ok\n");
+}
+
+void dirtest(void)
+{
+ printf(stdout, "mkdir test\n");
+
+ if(mkdir("dir0") < 0){
+ printf(stdout, "mkdir failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+
+ if(chdir("dir0") < 0){
+ printf(stdout, "chdir dir0 failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+
+ if(chdir("..") < 0){
+ printf(stdout, "chdir .. failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+
+ if(unlink("dir0") < 0){
+ printf(stdout, "unlink dir0 failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ printf(stdout, "mkdir test ok\n");
+}
+
+void
+exectest(void)
+{
+ printf(stdout, "exec test\n");
+ if(exec("echo", echoargv) < 0){
+ printf(stdout, "exec echo failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+}
+
+// simple fork and pipe read/write
+
+void
+pipe1(void)
+{
+ int fds[2], pid;
+ int seq, i, n, cc, total;
+
+ if(pipe(fds) != 0){
+ printf(1, "pipe() failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ pid = fork();
+ seq = 0;
+ if(pid == 0){
+ close(fds[0]);
+ for(n = 0; n < 5; n++){
+ for(i = 0; i < 1033; i++)
+ buf[i] = seq++;
+ if(write(fds[1], buf, 1033) != 1033){
+ printf(1, "pipe1 oops 1\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ }
+ exit();
+ } else if(pid > 0){
+ close(fds[1]);
+ total = 0;
+ cc = 1;
+ while((n = read(fds[0], buf, cc)) > 0){
+ for(i = 0; i < n; i++){
+ if((buf[i] & 0xff) != (seq++ & 0xff)){
+ printf(1, "pipe1 oops 2\n");
+ return;
+ }
+ }
+ total += n;
+ cc = cc * 2;
+ if(cc > sizeof(buf))
+ cc = sizeof(buf);
+ }
+ if(total != 5 * 1033){
+ printf(1, "pipe1 oops 3 total %d\n", total);
+ exit();
+ }
+ close(fds[0]);
+ wait();
+ } else {
+ printf(1, "fork() failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ printf(1, "pipe1 ok\n");
+}
+
+// meant to be run w/ at most two CPUs
+void
+preempt(void)
+{
+ int pid1, pid2, pid3;
+ int pfds[2];
+
+ printf(1, "preempt: ");
+ pid1 = fork();
+ if(pid1 < 0) {
+ printf(1, "fork failed");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(pid1 == 0)
+ for(;;)
+ ;
+
+ pid2 = fork();
+ if(pid2 < 0) {
+ printf(1, "fork failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(pid2 == 0)
+ for(;;)
+ ;
+
+ pipe(pfds);
+ pid3 = fork();
+ if(pid3 < 0) {
+ printf(1, "fork failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(pid3 == 0){
+ close(pfds[0]);
+ if(write(pfds[1], "x", 1) != 1)
+ printf(1, "preempt write error");
+ close(pfds[1]);
+ for(;;)
+ ;
+ }
+
+ close(pfds[1]);
+ if(read(pfds[0], buf, sizeof(buf)) != 1){
+ printf(1, "preempt read error");
+ return;
+ }
+ close(pfds[0]);
+ printf(1, "kill... ");
+ kill(pid1);
+ kill(pid2);
+ kill(pid3);
+ printf(1, "wait... ");
+ wait();
+ wait();
+ wait();
+ printf(1, "preempt ok\n");
+}
+
+// try to find any races between exit and wait
+void
+exitwait(void)
+{
+ int i, pid;
+
+ for(i = 0; i < 100; i++){
+ pid = fork();
+ if(pid < 0){
+ printf(1, "fork failed\n");
+ return;
+ }
+ if(pid){
+ if(wait() != pid){
+ printf(1, "wait wrong pid\n");
+ return;
+ }
+ } else {
+ exit();
+ }
+ }
+ printf(1, "exitwait ok\n");
+}
+
+void
+mem(void)
+{
+ void *m1, *m2;
+ int pid, ppid;
+
+ printf(1, "mem test\n");
+ ppid = getpid();
+ if((pid = fork()) == 0){
+ m1 = 0;
+ while((m2 = malloc(10001)) != 0){
+ *(char**)m2 = m1;
+ m1 = m2;
+ }
+ while(m1){
+ m2 = *(char**)m1;
+ free(m1);
+ m1 = m2;
+ }
+ m1 = malloc(1024*20);
+ if(m1 == 0){
+ printf(1, "couldn't allocate mem?!!\n");
+ kill(ppid);
+ exit();
+ }
+ free(m1);
+ printf(1, "mem ok\n");
+ exit();
+ } else {
+ wait();
+ }
+}
+
+// More file system tests
+
+// two processes write to the same file descriptor
+// is the offset shared? does inode locking work?
+void
+sharedfd(void)
+{
+ int fd, pid, i, n, nc, np;
+ char buf[10];
+
+ printf(1, "sharedfd test\n");
+
+ unlink("sharedfd");
+ fd = open("sharedfd", O_CREATE|O_RDWR);
+ if(fd < 0){
+ printf(1, "fstests: cannot open sharedfd for writing");
+ return;
+ }
+ pid = fork();
+ memset(buf, pid==0?'c':'p', sizeof(buf));
+ for(i = 0; i < 1000; i++){
+ if(write(fd, buf, sizeof(buf)) != sizeof(buf)){
+ printf(1, "fstests: write sharedfd failed\n");
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ if(pid == 0)
+ exit();
+ else
+ wait();
+ close(fd);
+ fd = open("sharedfd", 0);
+ if(fd < 0){
+ printf(1, "fstests: cannot open sharedfd for reading\n");
+ return;
+ }
+ nc = np = 0;
+ while((n = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf))) > 0){
+ for(i = 0; i < sizeof(buf); i++){
+ if(buf[i] == 'c')
+ nc++;
+ if(buf[i] == 'p')
+ np++;
+ }
+ }
+ close(fd);
+ unlink("sharedfd");
+ if(nc == 10000 && np == 10000){
+ printf(1, "sharedfd ok\n");
+ } else {
+ printf(1, "sharedfd oops %d %d\n", nc, np);
+ exit();
+ }
+}
+
+// four processes write different files at the same
+// time, to test block allocation.
+void
+fourfiles(void)
+{
+ int fd, pid, i, j, n, total, pi;
+ char *names[] = { "f0", "f1", "f2", "f3" };
+ char *fname;
+
+ printf(1, "fourfiles test\n");
+
+ for(pi = 0; pi < 4; pi++){
+ fname = names[pi];
+ unlink(fname);
+
+ pid = fork();
+ if(pid < 0){
+ printf(1, "fork failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+
+ if(pid == 0){
+ fd = open(fname, O_CREATE | O_RDWR);
+ if(fd < 0){
+ printf(1, "create failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+
+ memset(buf, '0'+pi, 512);
+ for(i = 0; i < 12; i++){
+ if((n = write(fd, buf, 500)) != 500){
+ printf(1, "write failed %d\n", n);
+ exit();
+ }
+ }
+ exit();
+ }
+ }
+
+ for(pi = 0; pi < 4; pi++){
+ wait();
+ }
+
+ for(i = 0; i < 2; i++){
+ fname = names[i];
+ fd = open(fname, 0);
+ total = 0;
+ while((n = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf))) > 0){
+ for(j = 0; j < n; j++){
+ if(buf[j] != '0'+i){
+ printf(1, "wrong char\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ }
+ total += n;
+ }
+ close(fd);
+ if(total != 12*500){
+ printf(1, "wrong length %d\n", total);
+ exit();
+ }
+ unlink(fname);
+ }
+
+ printf(1, "fourfiles ok\n");
+}
+
+// four processes create and delete different files in same directory
+void
+createdelete(void)
+{
+ enum { N = 20, NCHILD=4 };
+ int pid, i, fd, pi;
+ char name[32];
+
+ printf(1, "createdelete test\n");
+
+ for(pi = 0; pi < NCHILD; pi++){
+ pid = fork();
+ if(pid < 0){
+ printf(1, "fork failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+
+ if(pid == 0){
+ name[0] = 'p' + pi;
+ name[2] = '\0';
+ for(i = 0; i < N; i++){
+ name[1] = '0' + i;
+ fd = open(name, O_CREATE | O_RDWR);
+ if(fd < 0){
+ printf(1, "create failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ close(fd);
+ if(i > 0 && (i % 2 ) == 0){
+ name[1] = '0' + (i / 2);
+ if(unlink(name) < 0){
+ printf(1, "unlink failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ exit();
+ }
+ }
+
+ for(pi = 0; pi < NCHILD; pi++){
+ wait();
+ }
+
+ name[0] = name[1] = name[2] = 0;
+ for(i = 0; i < N; i++){
+ for(pi = 0; pi < NCHILD; pi++){
+ name[0] = 'p' + pi;
+ name[1] = '0' + i;
+ fd = open(name, 0);
+ if((i == 0 || i >= N/2) && fd < 0){
+ printf(1, "oops createdelete %s didn't exist\n", name);
+ exit();
+ } else if((i >= 1 && i < N/2) && fd >= 0){
+ printf(1, "oops createdelete %s did exist\n", name);
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(fd >= 0)
+ close(fd);
+ }
+ }
+
+ for(i = 0; i < N; i++){
+ for(pi = 0; pi < NCHILD; pi++){
+ name[0] = 'p' + i;
+ name[1] = '0' + i;
+ unlink(name);
+ }
+ }
+
+ printf(1, "createdelete ok\n");
+}
+
+// can I unlink a file and still read it?
+void
+unlinkread(void)
+{
+ int fd, fd1;
+
+ printf(1, "unlinkread test\n");
+ fd = open("unlinkread", O_CREATE | O_RDWR);
+ if(fd < 0){
+ printf(1, "create unlinkread failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ write(fd, "hello", 5);
+ close(fd);
+
+ fd = open("unlinkread", O_RDWR);
+ if(fd < 0){
+ printf(1, "open unlinkread failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(unlink("unlinkread") != 0){
+ printf(1, "unlink unlinkread failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+
+ fd1 = open("unlinkread", O_CREATE | O_RDWR);
+ write(fd1, "yyy", 3);
+ close(fd1);
+
+ if(read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf)) != 5){
+ printf(1, "unlinkread read failed");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(buf[0] != 'h'){
+ printf(1, "unlinkread wrong data\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(write(fd, buf, 10) != 10){
+ printf(1, "unlinkread write failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ close(fd);
+ unlink("unlinkread");
+ printf(1, "unlinkread ok\n");
+}
+
+void
+linktest(void)
+{
+ int fd;
+
+ printf(1, "linktest\n");
+
+ unlink("lf1");
+ unlink("lf2");
+
+ fd = open("lf1", O_CREATE|O_RDWR);
+ if(fd < 0){
+ printf(1, "create lf1 failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(write(fd, "hello", 5) != 5){
+ printf(1, "write lf1 failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ close(fd);
+
+ if(link("lf1", "lf2") < 0){
+ printf(1, "link lf1 lf2 failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ unlink("lf1");
+
+ if(open("lf1", 0) >= 0){
+ printf(1, "unlinked lf1 but it is still there!\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+
+ fd = open("lf2", 0);
+ if(fd < 0){
+ printf(1, "open lf2 failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf)) != 5){
+ printf(1, "read lf2 failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ close(fd);
+
+ if(link("lf2", "lf2") >= 0){
+ printf(1, "link lf2 lf2 succeeded! oops\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+
+ unlink("lf2");
+ if(link("lf2", "lf1") >= 0){
+ printf(1, "link non-existant succeeded! oops\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+
+ if(link(".", "lf1") >= 0){
+ printf(1, "link . lf1 succeeded! oops\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+
+ printf(1, "linktest ok\n");
+}
+
+// test concurrent create/link/unlink of the same file
+void
+concreate(void)
+{
+ char file[3];
+ int i, pid, n, fd;
+ char fa[40];
+ struct {
+ ushort inum;
+ char name[14];
+ } de;
+
+ printf(1, "concreate test\n");
+ file[0] = 'C';
+ file[2] = '\0';
+ for(i = 0; i < 40; i++){
+ file[1] = '0' + i;
+ unlink(file);
+ pid = fork();
+ if(pid && (i % 3) == 1){
+ link("C0", file);
+ } else if(pid == 0 && (i % 5) == 1){
+ link("C0", file);
+ } else {
+ fd = open(file, O_CREATE | O_RDWR);
+ if(fd < 0){
+ printf(1, "concreate create %s failed\n", file);
+ exit();
+ }
+ close(fd);
+ }
+ if(pid == 0)
+ exit();
+ else
+ wait();
+ }
+
+ memset(fa, 0, sizeof(fa));
+ fd = open(".", 0);
+ n = 0;
+ while(read(fd, &de, sizeof(de)) > 0){
+ if(de.inum == 0)
+ continue;
+ if(de.name[0] == 'C' && de.name[2] == '\0'){
+ i = de.name[1] - '0';
+ if(i < 0 || i >= sizeof(fa)){
+ printf(1, "concreate weird file %s\n", de.name);
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(fa[i]){
+ printf(1, "concreate duplicate file %s\n", de.name);
+ exit();
+ }
+ fa[i] = 1;
+ n++;
+ }
+ }
+ close(fd);
+
+ if(n != 40){
+ printf(1, "concreate not enough files in directory listing\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+
+ for(i = 0; i < 40; i++){
+ file[1] = '0' + i;
+ pid = fork();
+ if(pid < 0){
+ printf(1, "fork failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(((i % 3) == 0 && pid == 0) ||
+ ((i % 3) == 1 && pid != 0)){
+ close(open(file, 0));
+ close(open(file, 0));
+ close(open(file, 0));
+ close(open(file, 0));
+ } else {
+ unlink(file);
+ unlink(file);
+ unlink(file);
+ unlink(file);
+ }
+ if(pid == 0)
+ exit();
+ else
+ wait();
+ }
+
+ printf(1, "concreate ok\n");
+}
+
+// another concurrent link/unlink/create test,
+// to look for deadlocks.
+void
+linkunlink()
+{
+ int pid, i;
+
+ printf(1, "linkunlink test\n");
+
+ unlink("x");
+ pid = fork();
+ if(pid < 0){
+ printf(1, "fork failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+
+ unsigned int x = (pid ? 1 : 97);
+ for(i = 0; i < 100; i++){
+ x = x * 1103515245 + 12345;
+ if((x % 3) == 0){
+ close(open("x", O_RDWR | O_CREATE));
+ } else if((x % 3) == 1){
+ link("cat", "x");
+ } else {
+ unlink("x");
+ }
+ }
+
+ if(pid)
+ wait();
+ else
+ exit();
+
+ printf(1, "linkunlink ok\n");
+}
+
+// directory that uses indirect blocks
+void
+bigdir(void)
+{
+ int i, fd;
+ char name[10];
+
+ printf(1, "bigdir test\n");
+ unlink("bd");
+
+ fd = open("bd", O_CREATE);
+ if(fd < 0){
+ printf(1, "bigdir create failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ close(fd);
+
+ for(i = 0; i < 500; i++){
+ name[0] = 'x';
+ name[1] = '0' + (i / 64);
+ name[2] = '0' + (i % 64);
+ name[3] = '\0';
+ if(link("bd", name) != 0){
+ printf(1, "bigdir link failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ }
+
+ unlink("bd");
+ for(i = 0; i < 500; i++){
+ name[0] = 'x';
+ name[1] = '0' + (i / 64);
+ name[2] = '0' + (i % 64);
+ name[3] = '\0';
+ if(unlink(name) != 0){
+ printf(1, "bigdir unlink failed");
+ exit();
+ }
+ }
+
+ printf(1, "bigdir ok\n");
+}
+
+void
+subdir(void)
+{
+ int fd, cc;
+
+ printf(1, "subdir test\n");
+
+ unlink("ff");
+ if(mkdir("dd") != 0){
+ printf(1, "subdir mkdir dd failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+
+ fd = open("dd/ff", O_CREATE | O_RDWR);
+ if(fd < 0){
+ printf(1, "create dd/ff failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ write(fd, "ff", 2);
+ close(fd);
+
+ if(unlink("dd") >= 0){
+ printf(1, "unlink dd (non-empty dir) succeeded!\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+
+ if(mkdir("/dd/dd") != 0){
+ printf(1, "subdir mkdir dd/dd failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+
+ fd = open("dd/dd/ff", O_CREATE | O_RDWR);
+ if(fd < 0){
+ printf(1, "create dd/dd/ff failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ write(fd, "FF", 2);
+ close(fd);
+
+ fd = open("dd/dd/../ff", 0);
+ if(fd < 0){
+ printf(1, "open dd/dd/../ff failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ cc = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf));
+ if(cc != 2 || buf[0] != 'f'){
+ printf(1, "dd/dd/../ff wrong content\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ close(fd);
+
+ if(link("dd/dd/ff", "dd/dd/ffff") != 0){
+ printf(1, "link dd/dd/ff dd/dd/ffff failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+
+ if(unlink("dd/dd/ff") != 0){
+ printf(1, "unlink dd/dd/ff failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(open("dd/dd/ff", O_RDONLY) >= 0){
+ printf(1, "open (unlinked) dd/dd/ff succeeded\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+
+ if(chdir("dd") != 0){
+ printf(1, "chdir dd failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(chdir("dd/../../dd") != 0){
+ printf(1, "chdir dd/../../dd failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(chdir("dd/../../../dd") != 0){
+ printf(1, "chdir dd/../../dd failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(chdir("./..") != 0){
+ printf(1, "chdir ./.. failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+
+ fd = open("dd/dd/ffff", 0);
+ if(fd < 0){
+ printf(1, "open dd/dd/ffff failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf)) != 2){
+ printf(1, "read dd/dd/ffff wrong len\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ close(fd);
+
+ if(open("dd/dd/ff", O_RDONLY) >= 0){
+ printf(1, "open (unlinked) dd/dd/ff succeeded!\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+
+ if(open("dd/ff/ff", O_CREATE|O_RDWR) >= 0){
+ printf(1, "create dd/ff/ff succeeded!\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(open("dd/xx/ff", O_CREATE|O_RDWR) >= 0){
+ printf(1, "create dd/xx/ff succeeded!\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(open("dd", O_CREATE) >= 0){
+ printf(1, "create dd succeeded!\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(open("dd", O_RDWR) >= 0){
+ printf(1, "open dd rdwr succeeded!\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(open("dd", O_WRONLY) >= 0){
+ printf(1, "open dd wronly succeeded!\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(link("dd/ff/ff", "dd/dd/xx") == 0){
+ printf(1, "link dd/ff/ff dd/dd/xx succeeded!\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(link("dd/xx/ff", "dd/dd/xx") == 0){
+ printf(1, "link dd/xx/ff dd/dd/xx succeeded!\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(link("dd/ff", "dd/dd/ffff") == 0){
+ printf(1, "link dd/ff dd/dd/ffff succeeded!\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(mkdir("dd/ff/ff") == 0){
+ printf(1, "mkdir dd/ff/ff succeeded!\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(mkdir("dd/xx/ff") == 0){
+ printf(1, "mkdir dd/xx/ff succeeded!\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(mkdir("dd/dd/ffff") == 0){
+ printf(1, "mkdir dd/dd/ffff succeeded!\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(unlink("dd/xx/ff") == 0){
+ printf(1, "unlink dd/xx/ff succeeded!\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(unlink("dd/ff/ff") == 0){
+ printf(1, "unlink dd/ff/ff succeeded!\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(chdir("dd/ff") == 0){
+ printf(1, "chdir dd/ff succeeded!\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(chdir("dd/xx") == 0){
+ printf(1, "chdir dd/xx succeeded!\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+
+ if(unlink("dd/dd/ffff") != 0){
+ printf(1, "unlink dd/dd/ff failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(unlink("dd/ff") != 0){
+ printf(1, "unlink dd/ff failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(unlink("dd") == 0){
+ printf(1, "unlink non-empty dd succeeded!\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(unlink("dd/dd") < 0){
+ printf(1, "unlink dd/dd failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(unlink("dd") < 0){
+ printf(1, "unlink dd failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+
+ printf(1, "subdir ok\n");
+}
+
+// test writes that are larger than the log.
+void
+bigwrite(void)
+{
+ int fd, sz;
+
+ printf(1, "bigwrite test\n");
+
+ unlink("bigwrite");
+ for(sz = 499; sz < 12*512; sz += 471){
+ fd = open("bigwrite", O_CREATE | O_RDWR);
+ if(fd < 0){
+ printf(1, "cannot create bigwrite\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ int i;
+ for(i = 0; i < 2; i++){
+ int cc = write(fd, buf, sz);
+ if(cc != sz){
+ printf(1, "write(%d) ret %d\n", sz, cc);
+ exit();
+ }
+ }
+ close(fd);
+ unlink("bigwrite");
+ }
+
+ printf(1, "bigwrite ok\n");
+}
+
+void
+bigfile(void)
+{
+ int fd, i, total, cc;
+
+ printf(1, "bigfile test\n");
+
+ unlink("bigfile");
+ fd = open("bigfile", O_CREATE | O_RDWR);
+ if(fd < 0){
+ printf(1, "cannot create bigfile");
+ exit();
+ }
+ for(i = 0; i < 20; i++){
+ memset(buf, i, 600);
+ if(write(fd, buf, 600) != 600){
+ printf(1, "write bigfile failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ }
+ close(fd);
+
+ fd = open("bigfile", 0);
+ if(fd < 0){
+ printf(1, "cannot open bigfile\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ total = 0;
+ for(i = 0; ; i++){
+ cc = read(fd, buf, 300);
+ if(cc < 0){
+ printf(1, "read bigfile failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(cc == 0)
+ break;
+ if(cc != 300){
+ printf(1, "short read bigfile\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(buf[0] != i/2 || buf[299] != i/2){
+ printf(1, "read bigfile wrong data\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ total += cc;
+ }
+ close(fd);
+ if(total != 20*600){
+ printf(1, "read bigfile wrong total\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ unlink("bigfile");
+
+ printf(1, "bigfile test ok\n");
+}
+
+void
+fourteen(void)
+{
+ int fd;
+
+ // DIRSIZ is 14.
+ printf(1, "fourteen test\n");
+
+ if(mkdir("12345678901234") != 0){
+ printf(1, "mkdir 12345678901234 failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(mkdir("12345678901234/123456789012345") != 0){
+ printf(1, "mkdir 12345678901234/123456789012345 failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ fd = open("123456789012345/123456789012345/123456789012345", O_CREATE);
+ if(fd < 0){
+ printf(1, "create 123456789012345/123456789012345/123456789012345 failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ close(fd);
+ fd = open("12345678901234/12345678901234/12345678901234", 0);
+ if(fd < 0){
+ printf(1, "open 12345678901234/12345678901234/12345678901234 failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ close(fd);
+
+ if(mkdir("12345678901234/12345678901234") == 0){
+ printf(1, "mkdir 12345678901234/12345678901234 succeeded!\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(mkdir("123456789012345/12345678901234") == 0){
+ printf(1, "mkdir 12345678901234/123456789012345 succeeded!\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+
+ printf(1, "fourteen ok\n");
+}
+
+void
+rmdot(void)
+{
+ printf(1, "rmdot test\n");
+ if(mkdir("dots") != 0){
+ printf(1, "mkdir dots failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(chdir("dots") != 0){
+ printf(1, "chdir dots failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(unlink(".") == 0){
+ printf(1, "rm . worked!\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(unlink("..") == 0){
+ printf(1, "rm .. worked!\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(chdir("/") != 0){
+ printf(1, "chdir / failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(unlink("dots/.") == 0){
+ printf(1, "unlink dots/. worked!\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(unlink("dots/..") == 0){
+ printf(1, "unlink dots/.. worked!\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(unlink("dots") != 0){
+ printf(1, "unlink dots failed!\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ printf(1, "rmdot ok\n");
+}
+
+void
+dirfile(void)
+{
+ int fd;
+
+ printf(1, "dir vs file\n");
+
+ fd = open("dirfile", O_CREATE);
+ if(fd < 0){
+ printf(1, "create dirfile failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ close(fd);
+ if(chdir("dirfile") == 0){
+ printf(1, "chdir dirfile succeeded!\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ fd = open("dirfile/xx", 0);
+ if(fd >= 0){
+ printf(1, "create dirfile/xx succeeded!\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ fd = open("dirfile/xx", O_CREATE);
+ if(fd >= 0){
+ printf(1, "create dirfile/xx succeeded!\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(mkdir("dirfile/xx") == 0){
+ printf(1, "mkdir dirfile/xx succeeded!\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(unlink("dirfile/xx") == 0){
+ printf(1, "unlink dirfile/xx succeeded!\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(link("README", "dirfile/xx") == 0){
+ printf(1, "link to dirfile/xx succeeded!\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(unlink("dirfile") != 0){
+ printf(1, "unlink dirfile failed!\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+
+ fd = open(".", O_RDWR);
+ if(fd >= 0){
+ printf(1, "open . for writing succeeded!\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ fd = open(".", 0);
+ if(write(fd, "x", 1) > 0){
+ printf(1, "write . succeeded!\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ close(fd);
+
+ printf(1, "dir vs file OK\n");
+}
+
+// test that iput() is called at the end of _namei()
+void
+iref(void)
+{
+ int i, fd;
+
+ printf(1, "empty file name\n");
+
+ // the 50 is NINODE
+ for(i = 0; i < 50 + 1; i++){
+ if(mkdir("irefd") != 0){
+ printf(1, "mkdir irefd failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(chdir("irefd") != 0){
+ printf(1, "chdir irefd failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+
+ mkdir("");
+ link("README", "");
+ fd = open("", O_CREATE);
+ if(fd >= 0)
+ close(fd);
+ fd = open("xx", O_CREATE);
+ if(fd >= 0)
+ close(fd);
+ unlink("xx");
+ }
+
+ chdir("/");
+ printf(1, "empty file name OK\n");
+}
+
+// test that fork fails gracefully
+// the forktest binary also does this, but it runs out of proc entries first.
+// inside the bigger usertests binary, we run out of memory first.
+void
+forktest(void)
+{
+ int n, pid;
+
+ printf(1, "fork test\n");
+
+ for(n=0; n<1000; n++){
+ pid = fork();
+ if(pid < 0)
+ break;
+ if(pid == 0)
+ exit();
+ }
+
+ if (n == 0) {
+ printf(1, "no fork at all!\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+
+ if(n == 1000){
+ printf(1, "fork claimed to work 1000 times!\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+
+ for(; n > 0; n--){
+ if(wait() < 0){
+ printf(1, "wait stopped early\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ }
+
+ if(wait() != -1){
+ printf(1, "wait got too many\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+
+ printf(1, "fork test OK\n");
+}
+
+void
+sbrktest(void)
+{
+ int i, fds[2], pids[10], pid, ppid;
+ char *c, *oldbrk, scratch, *a, *b, *lastaddr, *p;
+ uint64 amt;
+ #define BIG (100*1024*1024)
+
+ printf(stdout, "sbrk test\n");
+ oldbrk = sbrk(0);
+
+ // can one sbrk() less than a page?
+ a = sbrk(0);
+ for(i = 0; i < 5000; i++){
+ b = sbrk(1);
+ if(b != a){
+ printf(stdout, "sbrk test failed %d %x %x\n", i, a, b);
+ exit();
+ }
+ *b = 1;
+ a = b + 1;
+ }
+ pid = fork();
+ if(pid < 0){
+ printf(stdout, "sbrk test fork failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ c = sbrk(1);
+ c = sbrk(1);
+ if(c != a + 1){
+ printf(stdout, "sbrk test failed post-fork\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(pid == 0)
+ exit();
+ wait();
+
+ // can one grow address space to something big?
+ a = sbrk(0);
+ amt = (BIG) - (uint64)a;
+ p = sbrk(amt);
+ if (p != a) {
+ printf(stdout, "sbrk test failed to grow big address space; enough phys mem?\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ lastaddr = (char*) (BIG-1);
+ *lastaddr = 99;
+
+ // can one de-allocate?
+ a = sbrk(0);
+ c = sbrk(-4096);
+ if(c == (char*)0xffffffff){
+ printf(stdout, "sbrk could not deallocate\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ c = sbrk(0);
+ if(c != a - 4096){
+ printf(stdout, "sbrk deallocation produced wrong address, a %x c %x\n", a, c);
+ exit();
+ }
+
+ // can one re-allocate that page?
+ a = sbrk(0);
+ c = sbrk(4096);
+ if(c != a || sbrk(0) != a + 4096){
+ printf(stdout, "sbrk re-allocation failed, a %x c %x\n", a, c);
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(*lastaddr == 99){
+ // should be zero
+ printf(stdout, "sbrk de-allocation didn't really deallocate\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+
+ a = sbrk(0);
+ c = sbrk(-(sbrk(0) - oldbrk));
+ if(c != a){
+ printf(stdout, "sbrk downsize failed, a %x c %x\n", a, c);
+ exit();
+ }
+
+ // can we read the kernel's memory?
+ for(a = (char*)(KERNBASE); a < (char*) (KERNBASE+2000000); a += 50000){
+ ppid = getpid();
+ pid = fork();
+ if(pid < 0){
+ printf(stdout, "fork failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ if(pid == 0){
+ printf(stdout, "oops could read %x = %x\n", a, *a);
+ kill(ppid);
+ exit();
+ }
+ wait();
+ }
+
+ // if we run the system out of memory, does it clean up the last
+ // failed allocation?
+ if(pipe(fds) != 0){
+ printf(1, "pipe() failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ for(i = 0; i < sizeof(pids)/sizeof(pids[0]); i++){
+ if((pids[i] = fork()) == 0){
+ // allocate a lot of memory
+ sbrk(BIG - (uint64)sbrk(0));
+ write(fds[1], "x", 1);
+ // sit around until killed
+ for(;;) sleep(1000);
+ }
+ if(pids[i] != -1)
+ read(fds[0], &scratch, 1);
+ }
+
+ // if those failed allocations freed up the pages they did allocate,
+ // we'll be able to allocate here
+ c = sbrk(4096);
+ for(i = 0; i < sizeof(pids)/sizeof(pids[0]); i++){
+ if(pids[i] == -1)
+ continue;
+ kill(pids[i]);
+ wait();
+ }
+ if(c == (char*)0xffffffff){
+ printf(stdout, "failed sbrk leaked memory\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+
+ if(sbrk(0) > oldbrk)
+ sbrk(-(sbrk(0) - oldbrk));
+
+ printf(stdout, "sbrk test OK\n");
+}
+
+void
+validateint(int *p)
+{
+ /* XXX int res;
+ asm("mov %%esp, %%ebx\n\t"
+ "mov %3, %%esp\n\t"
+ "int %2\n\t"
+ "mov %%ebx, %%esp" :
+ "=a" (res) :
+ "a" (SYS_sleep), "n" (T_SYSCALL), "c" (p) :
+ "ebx");
+ */
+}
+
+void
+validatetest(void)
+{
+ int hi, pid;
+ uint64 p;
+
+ printf(stdout, "validate test\n");
+ hi = 1100*1024;
+
+ for(p = 0; p <= (uint)hi; p += 4096){
+ if((pid = fork()) == 0){
+ // try to crash the kernel by passing in a badly placed integer
+ validateint((int*)p);
+ exit();
+ }
+ sleep(0);
+ sleep(0);
+ kill(pid);
+ wait();
+
+ // try to crash the kernel by passing in a bad string pointer
+ if(link("nosuchfile", (char*)p) != -1){
+ printf(stdout, "link should not succeed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ }
+
+ printf(stdout, "validate ok\n");
+}
+
+// does unintialized data start out zero?
+char uninit[10000];
+void
+bsstest(void)
+{
+ int i;
+
+ printf(stdout, "bss test\n");
+ for(i = 0; i < sizeof(uninit); i++){
+ if(uninit[i] != '\0'){
+ printf(stdout, "bss test failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ }
+ printf(stdout, "bss test ok\n");
+}
+
+// does exec return an error if the arguments
+// are larger than a page? or does it write
+// below the stack and wreck the instructions/data?
+void
+bigargtest(void)
+{
+ int pid, fd;
+
+ unlink("bigarg-ok");
+ pid = fork();
+ if(pid == 0){
+ static char *args[MAXARG];
+ int i;
+ for(i = 0; i < MAXARG-1; i++)
+ args[i] = "bigargs test: failed\n ";
+ args[MAXARG-1] = 0;
+ printf(stdout, "bigarg test\n");
+ exec("echo", args);
+ printf(stdout, "bigarg test ok\n");
+ fd = open("bigarg-ok", O_CREATE);
+ close(fd);
+ exit();
+ } else if(pid < 0){
+ printf(stdout, "bigargtest: fork failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ wait();
+ fd = open("bigarg-ok", 0);
+ if(fd < 0){
+ printf(stdout, "bigarg test failed!\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ close(fd);
+ unlink("bigarg-ok");
+}
+
+// what happens when the file system runs out of blocks?
+// answer: balloc panics, so this test is not useful.
+void
+fsfull()
+{
+ int nfiles;
+ int fsblocks = 0;
+
+ printf(1, "fsfull test\n");
+
+ for(nfiles = 0; ; nfiles++){
+ char name[64];
+ name[0] = 'f';
+ name[1] = '0' + nfiles / 1000;
+ name[2] = '0' + (nfiles % 1000) / 100;
+ name[3] = '0' + (nfiles % 100) / 10;
+ name[4] = '0' + (nfiles % 10);
+ name[5] = '\0';
+ printf(1, "writing %s\n", name);
+ int fd = open(name, O_CREATE|O_RDWR);
+ if(fd < 0){
+ printf(1, "open %s failed\n", name);
+ break;
+ }
+ int total = 0;
+ while(1){
+ int cc = write(fd, buf, 512);
+ if(cc < 512)
+ break;
+ total += cc;
+ fsblocks++;
+ }
+ printf(1, "wrote %d bytes\n", total);
+ close(fd);
+ if(total == 0)
+ break;
+ }
+
+ while(nfiles >= 0){
+ char name[64];
+ name[0] = 'f';
+ name[1] = '0' + nfiles / 1000;
+ name[2] = '0' + (nfiles % 1000) / 100;
+ name[3] = '0' + (nfiles % 100) / 10;
+ name[4] = '0' + (nfiles % 10);
+ name[5] = '\0';
+ unlink(name);
+ nfiles--;
+ }
+
+ printf(1, "fsfull test finished\n");
+}
+
+void argptest()
+{
+ int fd;
+ fd = open("init", O_RDONLY);
+ if (fd < 0) {
+ printf(2, "open failed\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ read(fd, sbrk(0) - 1, -1);
+ close(fd);
+ printf(1, "arg test passed\n");
+}
+
+unsigned long randstate = 1;
+unsigned int
+rand()
+{
+ randstate = randstate * 1664525 + 1013904223;
+ return randstate;
+}
+
+int
+main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+ printf(1, "usertests starting\n");
+
+ if(open("usertests.ran", 0) >= 0){
+ printf(1, "already ran user tests -- rebuild fs.img\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ close(open("usertests.ran", O_CREATE));
+
+ argptest();
+ createdelete();
+ linkunlink();
+ concreate();
+ fourfiles();
+ sharedfd();
+
+ bigargtest();
+ bigwrite();
+ bigargtest();
+ bsstest();
+ sbrktest();
+ validatetest();
+
+ opentest();
+ writetest();
+ writetest1();
+ createtest();
+
+ openiputtest();
+ exitiputtest();
+ iputtest();
+
+ mem();
+ pipe1();
+ preempt();
+ exitwait();
+
+ rmdot();
+ fourteen();
+ bigfile();
+ subdir();
+ linktest();
+ unlinkread();
+ dirfile();
+ iref();
+ forktest();
+ bigdir(); // slow
+
+ exectest();
+
+ exit();
+}
diff --git a/user/usys.pl b/user/usys.pl
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..01e426e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/user/usys.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl -w
+
+# Generate usys.S, the stubs for syscalls.
+
+print "# generated by usys.pl - do not edit\n";
+
+print "#include \"kernel/syscall.h\"\n";
+
+sub entry {
+ my $name = shift;
+ print ".global $name\n";
+ print "${name}:\n";
+ print " li a7, SYS_${name}\n";
+ print " ecall\n";
+ print " ret\n";
+}
+
+entry("fork");
+entry("exit");
+entry("wait");
+entry("pipe");
+entry("read");
+entry("write");
+entry("close");
+entry("kill");
+entry("exec");
+entry("open");
+entry("mknod");
+entry("unlink");
+entry("fstat");
+entry("link");
+entry("mkdir");
+entry("chdir");
+entry("dup");
+entry("getpid");
+entry("sbrk");
+entry("sleep");
+entry("uptime");
diff --git a/user/wc.c b/user/wc.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e2543a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/user/wc.c
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+#include "kernel/types.h"
+#include "kernel/stat.h"
+#include "user/user.h"
+
+char buf[512];
+
+void
+wc(int fd, char *name)
+{
+ int i, n;
+ int l, w, c, inword;
+
+ l = w = c = 0;
+ inword = 0;
+ while((n = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf))) > 0){
+ for(i=0; i<n; i++){
+ c++;
+ if(buf[i] == '\n')
+ l++;
+ if(strchr(" \r\t\n\v", buf[i]))
+ inword = 0;
+ else if(!inword){
+ w++;
+ inword = 1;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ if(n < 0){
+ printf(1, "wc: read error\n");
+ exit();
+ }
+ printf(1, "%d %d %d %s\n", l, w, c, name);
+}
+
+int
+main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+ int fd, i;
+
+ if(argc <= 1){
+ wc(0, "");
+ exit();
+ }
+
+ for(i = 1; i < argc; i++){
+ if((fd = open(argv[i], 0)) < 0){
+ printf(1, "wc: cannot open %s\n", argv[i]);
+ exit();
+ }
+ wc(fd, argv[i]);
+ close(fd);
+ }
+ exit();
+}
diff --git a/user/zombie.c b/user/zombie.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b56231a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/user/zombie.c
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+// Create a zombie process that
+// must be reparented at exit.
+
+#include "kernel/types.h"
+#include "kernel/stat.h"
+#include "user/user.h"
+
+int
+main(void)
+{
+ if(fork() > 0)
+ sleep(5); // Let child exit before parent.
+ exit();
+}
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