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authorAustin Clements <[email protected]>2011-09-07 11:49:14 -0400
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-<title>Xv6, a simple Unix-like teaching operating system</title>
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-<h1>Xv6, a simple Unix-like teaching operating system</h1>
-
-<h2>Introduction</h2>
-
-Xv6 is a teaching operating system developed in the summer of 2006 for
-MIT's operating systems
-course, <a href="http://pdos.csail.mit.edu/6.828">6.828: operating
-systems Engineering</a>. We hope that xv6 will be useful in other
-courses too. This page collects resources to aid the use of xv6 in
-other courses, including a commentary on the source code itself.
-
-<h2>History and Background</h2>
-
-<p>For many years, MIT had no operating systems course. In the fall of 2002,
-one was created to teach operating systems engineering. In the course lectures,
-the class worked through <a href="#v6">Sixth Edition Unix (aka V6)</a> using
-John Lions's famous commentary. In the lab assignments, students wrote most of
-an exokernel operating system, eventually named Jos, for the Intel x86.
-Exposing students to multiple systems&ndash;V6 and Jos&ndash;helped develop a
-sense of the spectrum of operating system designs.
-
-<p>
-V6 presented pedagogic challenges from the start.
-Students doubted the relevance of an obsolete 30-year-old operating system
-written in an obsolete programming language (pre-K&R C)
-running on obsolete hardware (the PDP-11).
-Students also struggled to learn the low-level details of two different
-architectures (the PDP-11 and the Intel x86) at the same time.
-By the summer of 2006, we had decided to replace V6
-with a new operating system, xv6, modeled on V6
-but written in ANSI C and running on multiprocessor
-Intel x86 machines.
-Xv6's use of the x86 makes it more relevant to
-students' experience than V6 was
-and unifies the course around a single architecture.
-Adding multiprocessor support requires handling concurrency head on with
-locks and threads (instead of using special-case solutions for
-uniprocessors such as
-enabling/disabling interrupts) and helps relevance.
-Finally, writing a new system allowed us to write cleaner versions
-of the rougher parts of V6, like the scheduler and file system.
-6.828 substituted xv6 for V6 in the fall of 2006.
-
-<h2>Xv6 sources and text</h2>
-
-The latest xv6 source is available via
-<pre>git clone git://pdos.csail.mit.edu/xv6/xv6.git</pre>
-We also distribute the sources as a printed booklet with line numbers
-that keep everyone together during lectures. The booklet is available as <a
- href="xv6-rev6.pdf">xv6-rev6.pdf</a>. To get the version
-corresponding to this booklet, run
-<pre>git checkout -b xv6-rev6 xv6-rev6</pre>
-
-<p>
-The xv6 source code is licensed under
-the traditional <a href="http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php">MIT
-license</a>; see the LICENSE file in the source distribution. To help students
-read through xv6 and learn about the main ideas in operating systems we also
-distribute a <a href="book-rev6.pdf">textbook/commentary</a> for the latest xv6.
-The line numbers in this book refer to the above source booklet.
-
-<p>
-xv6 compiles using the GNU C compiler,
-targeted at the x86 using ELF binaries.
-On BSD and Linux systems, you can use the native compilers;
-On OS X, which doesn't use ELF binaries,
-you must use a cross-compiler.
-Xv6 does boot on real hardware, but typically
-we run it using the QEMU emulator.
-Both the GCC cross compiler and QEMU
-can be found on the <a href="../2011/tools.html">6.828 tools page</a>.
-
-<h2>Xv6 lecture material</h2>
-
-In 6.828, the lectures in the first half of the course cover the xv6 sources and
-text. The lectures in the second half consider advanced topics using research
-papers; for some, xv6 serves as a useful base for making discussions concrete.
-The lecture notes are available from the 6.828 schedule page.
-
-<a name="v6"></a>
-<h2>Unix Version 6</h2>
-
-<p>6.828's xv6 is inspired by Unix V6 and by:
-
-<ul>
-
-<li>Lions' <i>Commentary on UNIX' 6th Edition</i>, John Lions, Peer to
-Peer Communications; ISBN: 1-57398-013-7; 1st edition (June 14, 2000).
- <ul>
-
- <li>An on-line version of the <a
- href="http://www.lemis.com/grog/Documentation/Lions/">Lions
- commentary</a>, and <a href="http://v6.cuzuco.com/">the source code</a>.
-
-
- <li>The v6 source code is also available <a
-href="http://minnie.tuhs.org/UnixTree/V6/usr/sys/">online</a>
- through <a
- href="http://minnie.tuhs.org/PUPS/">the PDP Unix Preservation
- Society</a>.
- </ul>
-
-</ul>
-
-The following are useful to read the original code:
-<ul>
-<li><i>
-The PDP11/40 Processor Handbook</i>, Digital Equipment Corporation, 1972.
-<ul>
-<li>A <a href="http://pdos.csail.mit.edu/6.828/2005/readings/pdp11-40.pdf">PDF</a> (made from scanned images,
-and not text-searchable)
-<li>A <a href="http://pdos.csail.mit.edu/6.828/2005/pdp11/">web-based
-version</a> that is indexed by instruction name.
-</ul>
-
-</ul>
-
-<h2>Feedback</h2>
-If you are interested in using xv6 or have used xv6 in a course,
-we would love to hear from you.
-If there's anything that we can do to make xv6 easier
-to adopt, we'd like to hear about it.
-We'd also be interested to hear what worked well and what didn't.
-<p>
-Russ Cox ([email protected])<br>
-Frans Kaashoek ([email protected])<br>
-Robert Morris ([email protected])
-<p>
-You can reach all of us at [email protected].
-